Column Selection Guide
• Organic Compounds (Low M.W.)
Octadecyl group bonded column (C18, ODS) are recommended as first-choice columns for separations of organic compounds (Low M.W.). If there is not enough separation or no retention using COSMOSIL C18 columns, COSMOSIL series offer many kinds of special columns.
• Saccharides
COSMOSIL Sugar-D is recommended for the separation of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides as a first-choice column. For the separation of sugar derivatives, COSMOSIL C18-PAQ is suitable as well.
• Proteins
Please select based on the separation mode.
• Fullerenes
COSMOSIL Buckyprep is most suitable for the separation of fullerenes.
Reversed Phase Specialty Columns
Reversed phase HPLC columns have been widely used because of their superior resolution, high theoretical plate number and ease of use. Since hydrophobic interaction is the dominant separation mechanism in reversed phase chromatography, conventional stationary phases such as C18 and C18 do not offer optimum selectivity for compounds with similar hydrophobicity. COSMOSIL offers a broad selection of columns with unique stationary phases for separation of these difficult analytes. These columns offer improved separation of structurally similar compounds that are difficult to analyze with a C18 type column.
Specifications
| Packing Material | Cholester | PBr | PFP | πNAP | PYE | NPE | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silica Gel | Fully-Porous | Core-Shell | Fully-Porous | Core-Shell | Fully-Porous | Fully-Porous | Fully-Porous | Fully-Porous | ||
| Particle Size | 2.5 µm | 5 µm | 2.6 µm | 5 µm | 2.6 µm | 5 µm | 2.5 µm | 5 µm | 5 µm | 5 µm |
| Pore Size | 130Å | 120Å | 90Å | 120Å | 90Å | 120Å | 130Å | 120Å | 120Å | 120Å |
| Specific Surface Area | 300 m2/g | 300 m2/g | 150 m2/g | 300 m2/g | 150 m2/g | 300 m2/g | 300 m2/g | 300 m2/g | 300 m2/g | 300 m2/g |
| Stationary Phase | Cholesteryl Group | Pentabromobenzyl group | Pentafluorophrnyl group | Naphthylethyl Group |
Pyrenylethyl Group |
Nitrophenylethyl Group |
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| Bonding Type | Monomeric | |||||||||
| Main Interaction |
- Hydrophobic Interaction
- Molecular Shape Selectivity
|
- Hydrophobic interaction
- Dispersion force
|
- Hydrophobic interaction
- π-π Interaction
- Dipole-dipole Interaction
|
- Hydrophobic Interaction
- π-π Interaction
|
- Hydrophobic Interaction
- π-π Interaction
- Dispersion Force
- Molecular shape selectivity
|
- Hydrophobic Interaction
- π-π Interaction
- Dipole-dipole Interaction
|
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| End Capping Treatment | Near-perfect treatment | |||||||||
| Carbon Content | 21% | 20% | - | 8% | - | 10% | 14% | 11% | 18% | 9% |
| pH Range | 2–7.5 | |||||||||
| Feature |
- Usable under the same conditions as C18
- High molecular shape selectivity
|
- Separate hydrophilic compounds in reversed phase conditions
- Separate using dispersion force
|
- Weak dipole-dipole interaction
|
- Stronger π-π interaction than phenyl column
|
- Very strong π-π interaction
|
- Strong dipole-dipole interaction
|
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Fully-Porous: High purity porous spherical silica / Core-Shell: Core-Shell silica gel
Selectivity for positional isomers of dinitrobenzene
Different stationary phase exhibits different selectivity due to the use of forces that C18 (hydrophobic interaction) does not have. By using these columns, you can achieve separation that cannot be done using only C18.
COSMOSIL Column List by Stationary Phase
COSMOSIL / COSMOGEL Packing Material List
| Separation Mode | Packing Material | Stationary Phase | Special Features and Applications | USP Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reversed Phase | 3C18-EB | Octadecyl Group | - Excellent for basic compounds - 3 µm silica packing material |
L1 |
| C18-MS-II | Octadecyl Group | - Multi-purpose C18 column - Monofunctional silylation on ultra-pure silica gel for separation of the widest range of compounds |
L1 | |
| C18-AR-II | - Features strong acid resistance and suitable for acidic compounds and peptides | L1 | ||
| C18-PAQ | - Reversed phase column, compatible with 100% water based mobile phase. - Suitable for hydrophilic compounds |
L1 | ||
| Cholester | Cholesteryl Group | - Usable under the same condition as C18 - Unique rigid cholesteryl structure improves separation |
L101 | |
| PBr | Pentabromobenzyl group | - Separate hydrohilic compounds in reversed-phase conditions | ||
| πNAP | Naphtylethyl Group | - Stronger π-π interaction than Phenyl column | ||
| PYE | Pyrenylethyl Group | - Most powerful π-π interaction | ||
| NPE | Nitrophenylethyl Group | - Separation utilizing π-π interaction and dipole-dipole interaction | ||
| PFP | Pentafluorophenyl Group | - Separation by dipole-dipole interactions. | L43 | |
| CN-MS | Cyanopropyl Group | - Great reproducibility using isocratic elution mode | L10 | |
| C22-AR-II | Docosyl Group | - Alkyl chain columns except C18column | ||
| C8-MS | Octyl Group | L7 | ||
| C4-MS | Butyl Group | L26 | ||
| PE-MS | Phenylethyl Group | - π-π interaction | L11 | |
| Protein-R | Octadecyl Group | - Provides improved separation, high recovery rate, and acid resistance | L1 | |
| C18-AR-300 | Octadecyl Group | - Wide pore type reversed phase columns | L1 | |
| C8-AR-300 | Octyl Group | L7 | ||
| C4-AR-300 | Butyl Group | L26 | ||
| Ph-AR-300 | Phenyl Group | L11 | ||
| Normal Phase | SL-II | - | - Suitable for preparative separation | L3 |
| Hydrophilic Interaction |
HILIC | Triazole | - Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18column | L104 |
| Sugar-D | Secondary/Tertiary Amine | - A novel stationaly phase for mono- and oligosaccharides | ||
| NH2-MS | Aminopropyl Group | - Primary amine bonded column | L8 | |
|
Gel |
Diol-120-II | Diol Group | - Sample MW: (Protein) 5,000-100,000 Da, (Water-Soluble Polyer) 1,000-20,000 | L20 |
| Diol-300-II | - Sample MW (Protein) 10,000-700,000 Da, (Water-Soluble Polyer) 5,000-100,000 | |||
| Diol-1000-II | - Sample MW (Water Soluble Polymer) 50,000 - 500,000 Da | |||
| Hydrophobic Interaction |
HIC | - | - Suitable for separation of peptide, and there is only a little less in enzyme activity and the teriary structure of proteins | |
| - | Buckyprep | Pyrenylpropyl Group | - Standard column for fullerene separation | |
| Buckyprep- D | Nitro-carbazoyl Group | - Designed for separation of fullerene derivatives | ||
| Buckyprep-M | Phenothiazinyl Group | - Designed to separate metallofullerenes | ||
| PBB | Pentabromobenzyl Group | - Designed for preparative separation of C60, C70 | ||
| PYE | Pyrenylethyl Group | - Separation of Fullerenes and structural isomers | ||
| NPE | Nitrophenylethyl Group | - Separation of derivatived fullerene | ||
| Gel Permeation |
CNT-300 | Hydrophilic Group (neutral) | - Separation of soluble carbon nanotubes | |
| CNT-1000 | ||||
| CNT-2000 | ||||
| Chiral Separation | CHiRAL A | Amylose tris (3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) |
- Immobilized selectors can withstand many different solvents | L99 |
| CHiRAL B | Cellulose tris (3,5-dimethylphenyl carbamate) |
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| CHiRAL C | Cellulose tris (3,5-dichlorophenyl carbamate) |
L119 |
COSMOSIL SFC Column List
| Separation Mode | Packing Material | Stationary Phase | Special Features and Applications | USP Code |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SFC | PY | Pyridinyl Group | - Similar separation properties as 2-Ethylpyridine, with stronger retention. | |
| HP | 3-Hydroxyphenyl Group |
- Good for hydrophilic compounds.
- Stronger retention for basic compounds than PY.
|
||
| Diol | Diol Group | - Less effect from ionic interaction. | ||
| Cholester | Cholesteryl Group | - Longer retention and better separation than C18. | ||
| πMAX | Pyrenylethyl Group | - Stronger π-π interaction than phenyl column. | ||
| PBr | Pentabromobenzyl group | - Unique separations using dispersion force. |
Columns for USP Specifications
COSMOSIL offers a comprehensive range of HPLC columns which meet the USP (United States Pharmacopoeia) specifications.
| USP Code | Description | Recommended Columns |
|---|---|---|
| L1 | Octadecyl silane chemically bonded to porous silica or ceramic micro-particles, 1.7 to 10 m in diameter, or a monolithic rod | COSMOSIL 3C18EB COSMOSIL C18-MS-II COSMOSIL C18-AR-II COSMOSIL C18-PAQ COSMOSIL C18-AR-300 COSMOSIL Protein-R |
| L3 | Porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL SL-II |
| L7 | Octylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 1.7 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL C8-MS COSMOSIL C8-AR-300 |
| L8 | An essentially monomolecular layer of aminopropylsilane chemically bonded to totally porous silica gel support, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter, or a monolithic silica rod. | COSMOSIL NH2-MS |
| L10 | Nitrile groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL CN-MS |
| L11 | Phenyl groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 1.7 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL PE-MS COSMOSIL Ph-AR-300 |
| L13 | Trimethylsilane chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diamete | COSMOSIL TMS-MS |
| L20 | Dihydroxypropane groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 5 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL Diol-120-II COSMOSIL Diol-300-II COSMOSIL Diol-1000-II |
| L26 | Butyl silane chemically bonded to totally porous silica particles, 3 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL C4-MS COSMOSIL C4-AR-300 |
| L43 | Pentafluorophenyl groups chemically bonded to silica particles by a propyl spacer, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL PFP |
| L99 | Amylose tris-(3,5-dumethylphenylcarbamate), immobilized on porous, spherical, silica particles, 3 to 5 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL CHiRAL A |
| L101 | Cholesteryl groups chemically bonded to porous or non-porous silica or ceramic micro-particles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter, or a monolithic rod. | COSMOSIL Cholester COSMOCORE Cholester |
| L104 | Triazole groups chemically bonded to porous silica particles, 1.5 to 10 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL HILIC |
| L119 | Cellulose tris-(3,5-dichlorophenylcarbamate), immobilized on porous, spherical, silica particles, 3 to 5 µm in diameter | COSMOSIL CHiRAL C |
COSMOSIL Application Search
COSMOSIL Application, which includes more than 7,700 applications using COSMOSIL/COSMOCORE columns, is now usable by clicking the link below which is in Nacalai Tesque, Inc. The application is searchable by sample category, sample name, CAS No., column name and particle size
Column Selection Guide by Sample Type
| Sample | Category | Separation Mode | Recommended Column | Remark |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low-MW drugs | - | Reversed phase | C18-EB | Near perfect end capping treatment |
| COSMOCORE C18 | ||||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Vitamins | Water-soluble vitamins | Reversed phase | C18-PAQ | Compatible with 100% water based mobile phase |
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Fat-soluble vitamins | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase | |
| Cholester | Different selectivity from C18 | |||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Natural products | - | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Utilize various interactions for versatile separations. See each product page for details. |
| Cholester | ||||
| PBr | ||||
| πNAP | ||||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Suitable for preparative separation | ||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Organic acids | - | Reversed phase | C18-PAQ | Compatible with 100% water based mobile phase |
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Fatty acids | - | Reversed phase | C18-AR-II | Features strong acid resistance |
| Cholester | Different selectivity from C18 | |||
| Phospholipids | Molecular species | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase |
| Class species | Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | |
| Agricultural chemicals | - | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase |
| Cholester | Different selectivity from C18 | |||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Metabolites | - | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase |
| Cholester | Different selectivity from C18 | |||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Food additives | - | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase |
| Cholester | Different selectivity from C18 | |||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
| Other low-MW compounds | - | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase |
| Cholester | Different selectivity from C18 | |||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Retains highly polar compounds that would not be retained in C18 column | ||
|
Structural isomers
Structural analogs
|
- | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Utilize various interactions for versatile separations. See each product page for details. |
| C18-AR-II | ||||
| Cholester | ||||
| πNAP | ||||
| PYE | ||||
| NPE | ||||
| PBr | ||||
| PFP | ||||
| Normal phase | SL-II | Standard for normal phase | ||
| Optical isomers | - | Normal phase /Reversed phase | CHiRAL A | 3 chiral selectors with high overall hit rate |
| CHiRAL B | ||||
| CHiRAL C | ||||
| Amino acids | Free amino acids | Reversed phase | PBr | Retains aromatic amino acids |
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | For amino acids not retained in reversedphase mode | ||
| Labeled amino acids | Reversed phase | C18-AR-II | Features strong acid resistance | |
|
Peptides
Proteins
|
MW 3,000 or less | Reversed phase | C18-AR-II | Features strong acid resistance |
| PBr | Separation for oligopeptides | |||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | For hydrophilic peptides not retained in reversed-phase mode | ||
| MW 3,000 or more | Reversed phase | Protein-R | Wide pore columns | |
| C18-AR-300 | ||||
| C4-AR-300 | ||||
| Size exclusion | Diol-II | Separation utilizing molecular size | ||
| Nucleic acids | Nucleic acid bases | Reversed phase | PBr | Separate under reversed-phase condition |
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Different selectivity from reversed phase | ||
|
Nucleosides
Nucleotides
|
Reversed phase | C18-PAQ | Compatible with 100% water based mobile phase | |
| PBr | Strong retain than C18 | |||
| Hydrophilic interaction | HILIC | Different separatin from reversed phase | ||
| Oligonucleotides | Reversed phase | C18-MS-II | Standard for reversed phase | |
| Size exclusion | RNA-SEC | Separation utilizing molecular size | ||
| Sugars | Monosaccharides | Hydrophilic interaction | Sugar-D | Separation in non-derivatized form |
| NH2-MS | ||||
| Labeled saccharides | Reversed phase | C18-PAQ | For pyridylaminated sugars | |
| Hydrophilic interaction | Sugar-D | For two-dimensional separations with reversed-phase | ||
| NH2-MS | ||||
| Oligosaccharides | Reversed phase | PBr | Retained in reversed-phase mode | |
| Hydrophilic interaction | Sugar-D | Separation in non-derivatized form | ||
| NH2-MS | ||||
| Polysaccharides | Size exclusion | Diol-II | Separation utilizing molecular size | |
| Fullerenes | Fullerenes | - | Buckyprep | Standard for fullerene separation |
| Metallofullerenes | - | Buckyprep | Different selectivity for metallofullerenes | |
| Buckyprep-M | ||||
| Derivatized fullerenes | - | Buckyprep | Separation in toluene mobile phase | |
| Buckyprep-D | ||||
| Carbon nanotubes | - | Size exclusion | CNT | Separation of soluble carbon nanotubes |
| Water-soluble polymer | - | Size exclusion | Diol-II | Separation utilizing molecular size |
Conventional Columns versus High Performance Columns
A period of more than 40 years has passed since the first COSMOSIL 5C18 columns were developed and offered for sale. Continuous technical improvement has made many of these columns obsolete and not of the highest quality and performance available any more. However, many long-term users continue to employ these older conventional columns for routine analysis and quality control. Nevertheless, the manufacture of these older columns will eventually cease and we strongly urge customers to replace the conventional columns with their higher performance equivalents outlined in the table below. For additional information, please contact us.
| Conventional Columns (Old) | High Performance Columns (New) | |
|---|---|---|
| 5C18-AR | → | 5C18-AR-II |
| 5C18 | → | 5C18-MS-II |
| 5C18-MS | → | 5C18-MS-II |
| 5C18-P | → | 5C18-PAQ |
| 5NH2 | → | 5NH2-MS |
>> Click here for ordering information of Conventional Columns (old).